Brown Bear
Ursus arctos
English
The brown bear (Ursus arctos) is a large bear native to Eurasia and North America. Of the land carnivorans, it is rivaled in size only by its closest relative, the polar bear, which is much less variable in size and slightly bigger on average. The brown bear is a sexually dimorphic species, as adult males are larger and more compactly built than females. The fur ranges in color from cream to reddish to dark brown. It has evolved large hump muscles, unique among bears, and paws up to 21 cm (8.3 in) wide and 36 cm (14 in) long, to effectively dig through dirt. Its teeth are similar to those of other bears and reflect its dietary plasticity. Throughout the brown bear's range, it inhabits mainly forested habitats in elevations of up to 5,000 m (16,000 ft). It is omnivorous, and consumes a variety of plant and animal species. Contrary to popular belief, the brown bear derives 90% of its diet from plants. When hunting, it will target animals as small as insects and rodents to those as large as moose or muskoxen. In parts of coastal Alaska, brown bears predominantly feed on spawning salmon that come near shore to lay their eggs. For most of the year, it is a usually solitary animal that associates only when mating or raising cubs. Females give birth to an average of one to three cubs that remain with their mother for 1.5 to 4.5 years. It is a long-lived animal, with an average lifespan of 25 years in the wild. Attacks on humans, though widely reported, are generally rare. While the brown bear's range has shrunk, and it has faced local extinctions across its wide range, it remains listed as a least concern species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) with a total estimated population in 2017 of 110,000. Populations that were hunted to extinction in the 19th and 20th centuries are the Atlas bear of North Africa and the Californian, Ungavan and Mexican populations of the grizzly bear of North America. Many of the populations in the southern parts of Eurasia are highly endangered as well. One of the smaller-bodied forms, the Himalayan brown bear, is critically endangered: it occupies only 2% of its former range and is threatened by uncontrolled poaching for its body parts. The Marsican brown bear of central Italy is one of several currently isolated populations of the Eurasian brown bear and is believed to have a population of only about 50 bears. The brown bear is considered to be one of the most popular of the world's charismatic megafauna. It has been kept in zoos since ancient times, and has been tamed and trained to perform in circuses and other acts. For thousands of years, the brown bear has had a role in human culture, and is often featured in literature, art, folklore, and mythology.
Français · Ours brun
L'Ours brun est une espèce de mammifères de l'ordre des Carnivores et de la famille des Ursidés. Originaire d’Eurasie et d’Amérique du Nord, c’est un animal de grande taille et à la stature imposante, pouvant atteindre une masse corporelle de 130 à 700 kg. Il présente un dimorphisme sexuel marqué, les mâles adultes étant plus grands et plus massifs que les femelles. L’Ours brun se caractérise notamment par de puissants muscles aux épaules formant une sorte de bosse unique parmi les Ursidés, ainsi que par des pattes larges et robustes pouvant mesurer jusqu’à 21 cm de large et 36 cm de long, adaptées notamment pour creuser efficacement le sol. Sa fourrure, d’un brun caractéristique d’où il tire son nom, varie du beige au brun roussâtre, jusqu’au brun très foncé presque noirâtre.
Español · Oso Pardo
El oso pardo es una especie de mamífero carnívoro de la familia Ursidae propio de Eurasia y Norteamérica.
Русский · Бурый медведь
Бу́рый медве́дь, или обыкнове́нный медве́дь , — млекопитающее семейства медвежьих; один из самых крупных наземных хищников и один из самых распространённых представителей семейства медвежьих.
العربية · دب بني
الدب البني أو الدب الأسمر هو دب كبير موطنه أوراسيا وأمريكا الشمالية. يعد واحدًا من أكبر الحيوانات آكلة اللحوم البرية، ولا ينافسه في الحجم سوى أقرب أقربائه، الدب القطبي، وهو أقل تغيرًا في الحجم وأكبر قليلًا في المتوسط. الدب البني هو نوع ثنائي الشكل جنسيًا، حيث يبلغ متوسط حجم الذكور البالغين حوالي 30% أكبر في معظم النوع. غالبًا ما لا يكون لون الدببة البنية بنيًا بالكامل؛ يمكن أن يكون لون القشرة محمرًا إلى بني مصفر، ومن بني غامق إلى كريمي اللون. هم الدببة الوحيدة الموجودة التي لديها سنام يتكون بالكامل من العضلات على أكتافهم. الكفوف كبيرة وتسمح للدب بالحفر بفعالية في الأوساخ. أسنانها تشبه أسنان الدببة الأخرى وتعكس مرونتها الغذائية.
中文 · 棕熊
棕熊 是熊屬的一种极为庞大的熊，古称羆，各亞種体重在130－700公斤（300－1500磅）之間，其中最大亞種是科迪亞克棕熊。
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