Pacific Barreleye

Macropinna microstoma

English

The Pacific barreleye fish (Macropinna) is a genus of ray-finned fish belonging to Opisthoproctidae, the barreleye family. It contains one species, M. microstoma. It is recognized for a highly unusual transparent, fluid-filled shield on its head, through which the vivid green lenses of its eyes can be seen. It was originally believed that the tubular eyes of this fish were fixed in place, offering only tunnel vision above its head. However, in 2008, scientists discovered that its eyes were able to rotate both up and forward within its transparent dome. This feature allows for M. microstoma to observe prey while keeping its eyes protected from stinging tentacles of jellyfish-like organisms it feeds on. M. microstoma, a small fish of about 15 cm, has a tiny mouth and most of its body is covered in large scales. The fish normally hangs nearly motionless in the water, at a depth of about 600 metres (2,000 ft) to 800 metres (2,600 ft) in the mesopelagic zone, using its large fins for stability and with its eyes directed upward. In the low light conditions it is assumed the fish detects prey by its silhouette. This is because the eyes have no lens in the diverticulum, so images would most likely occur through reflection. Due to the eyes facing upwards, light is able to enter the eyes and through the illumination, silhouettes are formed. MBARI researchers Bruce Robison and Kim Reisenbichler observed that when prey such as small fish and jellyfish are spotted, the eyes rotate like binoculars, facing forward as it turns its body from a horizontal to a vertical position to feed. Robison speculates that M. microstoma steals food from siphonophores.

Français · Poisson revenant

Macropinna microstoma, le poisson revenant, est une espèce de poissons de la famille des Opisthoproctidae du Pacifique nord. C'est la seule espèce de son genre Macropinna (monotypique).

Español · ojos de barril pequeño

Macropinna microstoma, conocido como pez cabeza transparente, a veces también llamado pez duende, es la única especie de pez del género Macropinna, perteneciente a la familia Opisthoproctidae. Es reconocible por su cabeza transparente en oposición a la opacidad del resto del cuerpo. Vive entre los 600 y 800 metros de profundidad.

Русский · Малоротая макропинна

Малоро́тая макропи́нна, или бочкогла́з — вид глубоководных лучепёрых рыб, единственный представитель рода макропинн из семейства опистопроктовых (Opisthoproctidae). У них прозрачная голова, сквозь которую они могут видеть своими трубчатыми глазами. Голова, сквозь которую рыба следит за добычей, помогает защитить глаза.

العربية · Macropinna microstoma

برميلية العين أو السمكة شفافة الرأس سمكة من فصيلة متأخرات الخصية وصفت أول مرة عام 1939 وهي النوع الوحيد من جنس (Macropinna) من اليونانية ومعناه makros = عظيم و pinna = شوكة فيكون اسم الجنس عظيم الشوكة.

中文 · 太平洋桶眼魚

大鰭後肛魚，又稱太平洋桶眼魚、管眼魚，為條鰭魚綱後肛魚科下的一屬一種，首次的記載是在1939年。頭部上具有充滿透明液體的透明罩，而雙眼則位於其內。2008年以前找到的魚體，都是魚船捕到的殘缺不全，遭到捕抓過程很大破壞，因此認為大鰭後肛魚具有一雙只能固定向上看的眼睛，視野十分狹小。2008年，科學家終於於海中捕捉到大鰭後肛魚的活體影像，也才知道牠們的頭部具有透明罩，且透明罩內的眼睛可旋轉調整方向，能看向上方也能看向前方。大鰭後肛魚的嘴巴很小，身體則被大片的魚鱗所覆蓋。牠們多半靜止漂浮於水深600至800米（2,000至2,600英尺）的水中，透過魚鰭維持身體平衡並用雙眼觀察上方的動靜。蒙特利灣水族館研究中心研究員布魯斯·羅賓森及肯姆·裏森畢奇勒觀察到當大鰭後肛魚發現到小魚或水母時，牠們會將身體從水平姿態調整為垂直去追擊獵物，此時的眼睛就會旋轉改看向前方。羅賓森認為大鰭後肛魚也會去偷取管水母的獵物。

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